Browsing by Author "Recinos Abarca, Abraham"

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    Tecniques to foster cooperative learning in english as foreign language classrooms, benefits and drawbacks
    (2010-01-01) Avila Espino, José Guillermo; Hernández Menjívar, Jorge Adolfo; Recinos Abarca, Abraham; Llanes Márquez López., Jorge Homero; Franco Ramos, Rhina
    The learning of languages is nowadays necessary not only in developed countries but also in underdeveloped countries like El Salvador because it has been extended around the world. These times even the farthest or poorest countries are in contact with English. Countries around the world get to be known by other people, races and cultures. Languages, especially English, have become a very important tool for countries to communicate with one another. English as one of the most spoken languages on Earth becomes a universal language each day. Universities around the world include languages learning, particularly English, in undergraduate and posgraduate programs; and the University of El Salvador (UES) is not the exception. Nowadays, studying a foreign language, especially English has become a necessity in El Salvador, since English is the language being used around the world regarding technology, medicine, commerce and the like. Many students at the University of El Salvador (UES) choose English as their major with the hope of being more competitive and prepared when looking for a job. For this reason the School of Arts and Sciences by means of the Foreign Language Department (FLD) which has the major in English Teaching whose demand increases every year, has the compromise of giving its students the best education in the teaching and learning of the English language. To accomplish this, the Foreign Language Department has to make use of different teaching techniques which help students to learn English in the best possible way. Something that has to be remarked is that students of all levels learn a foreign language in a better way when they are provided ample opportunities in the classroom to attain a foreign language. Cooperative Learning is considered by many teachers and researchers as a successful strategy in the teaching of the English as a Foreign Language in which small and even large groups, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject. These teaching techniques have an important impact on the opportunities for success for every student at the Department.This research is focused on those techniques that foster cooperative learning in English as foreign language classrooms. Based on the readings of many professionals that have written concerning this topic and the different researches that have taken place all along history proving it effectiveness, these, together with the personal experience as students, we can assure that cooperative learning techniques are important tools for teachers and students who want to get the best out of their English lessons. Also, knowing the typical environment of the English classrooms at the FLD (crowded classrooms), again, it is highly recommended to pay attention to this research. Through this work the reader will find the objectives who led the research and the justification which clarifies why the topic and the research were chosen. Also, the essay which contrasts the benefits and drawbacks of the cooperative learning and the techniques to be applied in the classroom. On the other hand the reader will find the methodology followed to accomplish the research. Besides, the surveys and the interviews administered to students and professors of the Foreign Language Department of the University of El Salvador to enrich the research will be found out.
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    The effectiveness of alternative assessment compared with traditional assessment in the oral performance at Intermediate Intensive English students at the University of El Salvador
    (2018-08-01) Baires Arévalo, Santos Edith; Recinos Abarca, Abraham; Cabrera Martínez, Ricardo; Cabrera Martínez, Ricardo
    The purpose of this study is to determine if alternative assessment is more effective compared with traditional assessment specifically in the development of students Englishspeaking competences in the Intermediate Intensive I courses at the Department of Foreign Language School of Arts and Sciences, at the University of El Salvador. Nowadays, alternative assessment is getting more attention in the foreign language classroom because students are involved in tasks, performances, demonstrations, and interviews reflecting everyday situations within realistic and meaningful contexts. Therefore, the following research aims to find out if alternative assessment is more effective compared with traditional assessment specifically in the development of students English-speaking competences. The lack of adequate and appropriate alternative assessment strategies is one of the main problems encountered by the researchers of this study. There has been little systematic research investigating how teachers assess students’ oral performance in the classroom. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the status of classroom speaking assessment at the Department of Foreign Language School of Arts and Sciences, at the University of El Salvador and its effectiveness in students’ speaking competences. Based on the syllabus of the Intermediate Intensive I 2017 courses, it can be reflected that there is not an important application of alternative assessment strategies; in fact they are not even mentioned in the syllabus. This factor has called the researchers’ attention because the syllabus for the intermediate courses reflects an important emphasis on traditional assessment (paper and pencil exams). However, alternative assessment does not seem to be of equal importance as traditional assessment is. The study is targeted to students of (First- year BA in English Teaching and Modern Languages). The hypothesis states that the level of speaking competences will be higher with the use of alternative assessment than with the use of traditional assessment in students from Intermediate Intensive English courses, semester II 2017, at the FLD of the University of El Salvador. Another important aim of this study is to compare the role of alternative assessment and traditional assessment when assessing students’ speaking competences. The data was collected from questionnaires and interviews where teachers and students were the target population. Also, an intervention was developed to compare results between students under traditional vs alternative assessment strategies before the mid-term and final oral evaluation. The results have revealed that classroom speaking assessment currently conducted at the FLD of the University of El Salvador has broadly employed traditional assessment tasks. Therefore, there is still a strong tendency towards traditional formal testing to measure and report learning outcomes of students’ speaking competences. It is evident from this study that there is need for improvements in order to facilitate better learning outcomes in the classroom. The study provides a range of suggestions for an improvement of current practices, starting with a process to change the perceptions of teachers, students, and policy makers towards alternative assessment followed by practical actions such as teacher training, implementation of alternative assessment strategies to improve students’ speaking competences. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative analyses have been applied. This study was conducted from August 2017 to March 2018 in which a correlational research design was used. The hypothesis will be supported and the study findings suggest that most of the students prefer alternative assessment (86% see graphic 2) rather than traditional assessment in order to become effective and competent users of their target language. Therefore, this study focuses on the importance that alternative assessment strategies have in order to achieve a better speaking performance in the Intermediate Intensive I English courses at the FLD of the University of El Salvador. Finally, This study contains not only a quasiexperimental study demonstrating the utility of alternative assessment strategies in developing students’ oral competences but also useful recommendations addressed to authorities, teachers and students.